Medical Rounds with Dr. Sabet Hasim

The mitral valve is one of the two main valves on the left side of your heart. Normally, the valve has two flaps that open and close, allowing blood to flow. But like anything that is used over and over again, sometimes the valves begin to fail. Dr. Hasim talks about mitral valve disease.

Q. What is mitral valve disease?
A. Mitral valve disease occurs when the mitral valve doesn’t work properly. There are two main types of mitral valve disease: (1) Stenosis – the valve does not open enough to allow sufficient blood flow. Usually this is the result of hardening (calcification) of the leaflets, which prevents their movement. (2) Regurgitation – blood leaks backward out of the valve. Usually this is either the result of the leaflets being pulled apart so that blood leaks backward between them, or by damage to the valve structure.

Q. What causes this?
A. Mitral valve stenosis is most commonly caused by inflammation from rheumatic fever, a disease that is related to strep infections; however, rheumatic fever is rare in the united states and other developed countries, so mitral valve stenosis is becoming less common.

Q. What are the treatment options?
A. Repair or replacement options. In mitral valve repair surgery the patient keeps their own valve and we repair it so functions normally again. In mitral valve replacement surgery, the patient’s valve is essentially cut out and a new valve put in.  Advances in technology have meant that there are ways in which the mitral valve can be repaired without having to undergo open-heart surgery. Currently, this procedure is reserved for patients that are considered too high risk for traditional mitral valve repair surgery. This takes very experienced hands. If you are in this position, be sure to ask your surgeon how many procedures he or she has done.

For more information

Visit: Hartford HealthCare Heart & Vascular Institute

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